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Biomonitoring is a useful tool in various activities on environmental health especially for association between chemical exposure and health outcomes. It provides unequivocal evidence of exposure as well as estimates of exposure amounts with some assumptions or utilization of model. Recently, biomonitoring is getting popular and many scientists could obtain biomarker-related data sets easily since high-end instruments for analysis have prevailed so as to detect trace levels of environmental chemicals in biological samples, and various data from large-scale of biomonitoring projects are available to scientists. Interpretation of biomonitoring for health risk assessment requires experienced knowledge and expertise. Levels of biomarker itself cannot describe historic exposure. The results could be confounded due to inappropriate allocation of responsible source. The specimens with detection of a substance might be reflect actual exposure amount or might not be relevant to target organ dose or biologically effective dose. Therefore, meticulous records are needed along with biomonitoring, which are related with information of demographics, life-style or other exposure related factors as well as source or pathways of exposure. Recently, Ministry of Environment released the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) which was performed 2009 to 2011 and 2012 to 2014 among South Korean. KoNEHS was a large scale survey and precious values in environmental health in Korea such as providing reference values and distribution of internal dose in Korean population. In this review, some academic of advice were suggested for prospective future of the survey, which works as scoping institution and solid information source of status and trends of environmental exposure among general public in Korea.
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